Microeconomics Economic Policies Promote The Welfare Of...

Microeconomics is concerned on issues of an individual, such as firm, consumer, market and public sector organization (Wetherly and Otter, 2014). In addition, Microeconomics is related with millions of consumers and producers in free- market economy that works in decision making with regards to allocation of productive resources among thousands of goods and services (Chand, 2015). There are both theoretical and practical importances in Microeconomics which it helps economic policies promote the welfare of the masses (Chand, 2015). In business, decision making is as complex as the processes where it characterizes consumer’s choice. As supported by Davis (2015), microeconomic data in business is important in making variety of critical choices or anything which will either be successful or become a failure in terms of enterprises. It is important because it focuses on the reliability and currency of the information of a business. Also, both senior and top management decides in te rms of data in business. One of the major influences on their decisions may entail logic, wherein it answers what the competition is doing, the state of the economy and a variety of other variable and unknown factors (Davis, 2015). According to Grimsley (2003), decision making in a business is affected by the influence Microeconomic factors. Also, these factors are narrow in scope which doesn’t actually affect the whole economy. Microeconomic factors influencing a business include Market size,Show MoreRelatedInfrastructure and Rural - Urban Development.5083 Words   |  21 PagesIntroduction Infrastructures are basic essential services that should be put in place to enable development to occur. Socio-economic development can be facilitated and accelerated by the presence of social and economic infrastructures. If these facilities and services are not in place, development will be very difficult and in fact can be likened to a very scarce commodity that can only be secured at a very high price and cost. Nigeria PublicRead MoreChina Unbalanced Essay3704 Words   |  15 Pagesfor acceptance into the WTO and how it adjusted to its eventual admittance in December of 2001. We will also review some of the problems associated with China’s economic growth strategy. We will begin our analysis of these questions by examining China’s economy at the time of Deng Xiaoping’s accession to power in 1978 and the economic growth strategy he and his successor implemented which ultimately led China to ascension into the WTO. We will then review various conditions imposed upon ChinaRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility10163 Words   |  41 Pageslocation where policy is derived. Utilizing the insightful perspectives of Beauchamp et al (1996), which include purpose, principle and consequence, there exist myriad ethical considerations in the daily world of business, with each one presenting yet another moral dilemma: Should the decision be made for company or personal gain? How many will reap the benefit of individualized attention at the expense of all others? Is there a time when an individuals interests supercede those of the masses? These areRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagestwenty -first century’s economic, social, and political churning, how will these driving factors be influenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any particular national passport? What will be the effect of the rapid gyrations in markets that emphasize the difficulties that accounting practices face in determining true performance costs and that forecasting programs confront in establishing the economic determinants

Chapter 5 Free Essays

186 Part Two Information Technology Infrastructure I N T E R A C T I V E S E S S I O N : O R G A N I Z AT I O N S IS GREEN COMPUTING GOOD FOR BUSINESS? Computer rooms are becoming too hot to handle. Data-hungry tasks such as video on demand, downloading music, exchanging photos, and maintaining Web sites require more and more power-hungry machines. Power and cooling costs for data centers have skyrocketed by more than 800 percent since 1996, with U. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter 5 or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. enterprise data centers predicted to spend twice as much on energy costs as on hardware over the next five years. The heat generated from rooms full of servers is causing equipment to fail. Some organizations spend more money to keep their data centers cool than they spend to lease the property itself. It’s a vicious cycle, as companies must pay to power their servers, and then pay again to keep them cool and operational. Cooling a server requires roughly the same number of kilowatts of energy as running one. All this additional power consumption has a negative impact on the environment and as well as corporate operating costs. Related essay: Advantage Energy Technology Data Center Migration Case Study Solution Some of the world’s most prominent firms are tackling their power consumption issues with one eye toward saving the environment and the other toward saving dollars. Google and Microsoft are building data centers that take advantage of hydroelectric power. Hewlett-Packard is working on a series of technologies to reduce the carbon footprint of data centers by 75 percent and, with new software and services, to measure energy use and carbon emissions. It reduced its power costs by 20 to 25 percent through consolidation of servers and data centers. Microsoft’s San Antonio data center deploys sensors that measure nearly all power consumption, recycles water used in cooling, and uses internallydeveloped power management software. Microsoft is also trying to encourage energy-saving software practices by charging business units by the amount of power they consume in the data enter rather than the space they take up on the floor. None of these companies claim that their efforts will save the world, but they do demonstrate recognition of a growing problem and the commencement of the green computing era. And since these companies’ technology and processes are more efficient than most other companies, using their online software services in place of in-house software may also count as a green investment. PCs typically stay on more than twice the amount of time they are actually being used each day. According to a report by the Alliance to Save Energy, a company with 10,000 personal computer desktops will spend more than $165,000 per year in electricity bills if these machines are left on all night. The group estimates that this practice is wasting around $1. billion each year in the United States alone. Although many companies establish default PC power management settings, about 70 percent of employees turn these settings off. PC power management software from BigFix, 1E NightWatchman, and Verdiem locks PC power settings and automatically powers PCs up right before employees arrive for work in the morning. Miami-Dade County public schools cut the time its PCs were on from 21 h ours to 10. 3 hours daily by using BigFix to centrally control PC power settings. City University of New York adopted Verdiem’s Surveyor software to turn off its 20,000 PCs when they are inactive at night. Surveyor has trimmed 10 percent from CUNY’s power bills, creating an annual savings of around $320,000. Virtualization is a highly effective tool for cost-effective green computing because it reduces the number of servers and storage resources in the firm’s IT infrastructure. Fulton County, Georgia, which provides services for 988,000 citizens, scrutinizes energy usage when purchasing new information technology. It used VMWare virtualization software and a new Fujitsu blade server platform to consolidate underutilized legacy servers so that one machine performs the work that was formerly performed by eight, saving $44,000 per year in power costs. These efforts also created a more up-to-date IT infrastructure. Experts note that it’s important for companies to measure their energy use and inventory and track their information technology assets both before and after they start their green initiatives. Commonly used metrics used by Microsoft and other companies include Power Usage Effectiveness, Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency, and Average Data Efficiency. It isn’t always necessary to purchase new technologies to achieve â€Å"green† goals. Organizations can achieve sizable efficiencies by better managing the computing resources they already have. Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies 187 Health insurer Highmark initially wanted to increase its CPU utilization by 10 percent while reducing power use by 5 percent and eventually by 10 percent. When the company inventoried all of its information technology assets, it found that its information systems staff was hanging onto â€Å"dead† servers that served no function but continued to consume power. Unfortunately, many information systems departments still aren’t deploying their existing technology resources efficiently or using green measurement tools. Programs to educate employees in energy conservation may also be necessary. In addition to using energy-monitoring tools, Honda Motor Corporation trains its data center administrators how to be more energy efficient. For example, it taught them to decommission unused equipment quickly and to use management tools to ensure servers are being optimized. Sources: Kathleen Lao, â€Å"The Green Issue,† Computerworld Canada, April 2010; Matthew Sarrell, â€Å"Greening Your Data Center: The Real Deal,† eWeek, January 15, 2010; Robert L. Mitchell, â€Å"Data Center Density Hits the Wall,† Computerworld, January 21, 2010; Jim Carlton, â€Å"The PC Goes on an Energy Diet,† The Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2009; and Ronan Kavanagh, â€Å"IT Virtualization Helps to Go Green,† Information Management Magazine, March 2009. CASE STUDY QUESTIONS 1. What business and social problems does data center power consumption cause? Information Technology Infrastructure 2. What solutions are available for these problems? Which are environment-friendly? 3. What are the business benefits and costs of these solutions? 4. Should all firms move toward green computing? Theorprojects in this section give you Why why not? MIS IN ACTION Perform an Internet search on the phrase â€Å"green computing† and then answer the following questions: 1. Who are some of the leaders of the green computing movement? Which corporations are leading the way? Which environmental organizations are playing an important role? 2. What are the latest trends in green computing? hands-on of impact are theyin developing What kind experience having? 3. What can individuals do to contribute to the green solutions for managing IT infrastructures and IT outsourcing, using spreadcomputing movement? Is the sheet software to evaluate alternative desktop systems, and using movement worthWeb research while? 5. 6 HANDS-ON MIS PROJECTS to budget for a sales conference. Management Decision Problems 1. The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) relies on information systems to operate 19 hospitals, a network of other care sites, and international 5. 4and commercial ventures. OFTWAREforLATFORM TRENDS storage technology CONTEMPORARY S Demand P additional servers and was growing by 20 percent each year. UPMC was setting up a separate server for There are four major themes in contemporary software platform evolution: every application, and its servers and other computers were running a number †¢ Linux and open source software of different operating systems, including several versions of Unix and Windows. Java and Ajax UPMC had to manage technologies from many different vendors, including HP, †¢ Web services and service-oriented architecture Sun Microsystems, Microsoft, and IBM. Assess the impact of this situation on †¢ Software outsourcing and cloud services business performance. What factors and management decisions must be considered when developing a solution to this problem? LINUX AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE 2. Qantas Airways, Australia’s leading airline, faces cost pressures from high fuel Openprices and lower is softwareglobal airline traffic. To remain competitive, the source software levels of produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world. According to the leading airline must find ways to keep costs low while providing a high level of open source professional association, OpenSource. org, open source software is customer service. users. Works a 30-year-old original code Management had to free and can be modified byQantas had derived from thedata center. must decide and the software can be redistributed by the user without also be free, whether to replace its IT infrastructure with newer technology or additional licensing. Open source software is by definition cloud computing vendor? What outsource it. Should Qantas outsource to a not restricted to any factors should be considered by Qantas management when deciding whether to outsource? If Qantas decides to outsource, list and describe points that should be addressed in a service level agreement. Improving Decision Making: Using a Spreadsheet to Evaluate Hardware and Software Options Software skills: Spreadsheet formulas Business skills: Technology pricing How to cite Chapter 5, Essay examples Chapter 5 Free Essays

Gender Studies for Modern Scientific Technology - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theGender Studies for Modern Scientific Technology. Answer: Introduction This is the modern era of the 21st century. The very concept of the 21st century brings in our mind, the advent of modern scientific technology and its advancement. However speaking in a broader sense, in the modern era the advancement has not only taken place in the field of science and technology but in human thoughts as well. Howe very it is very much evident from the history of mankind that no era in the human history can be all good or all bad. Some is the case with the modern 21st century. Among the many boons of this age, one most dangerous curse is that of human trafficking and sex work (Weitzer 2015). It is however a known fact that globalization is the term used to define the large scale development and advancements taking place all around the world and in every aspect. This advancement to a large scale is related to the scientific and technological developments as well. It is also due to this scientific development that there is the concept of sex tourism. It is basically the concept of men travelling to several other places, particularly other countries or other lands in order to have sex. These sex tourism advertisements are made available through different advertisement links via all forms of social media sites, pornography site and, many more. Discussion However, it must be noted that there is a fine line of difference between sex work and sex trafficking. Trafficking is often related to the forced or compelled entry of the individuals into sex trade. Thus is done by either kidnapping them or luring them by giving them false hopes, Sex work on the other hand is the physical or sexual service provided by the sex workers in exchange of money. Now there can be many reasons behind sex work, they can either be willing or unwilling (De Shalit et al 2014). This problem is increasing on a very large scale in the present day scenario. The most alarming and terrifying fact about this problem is that there is no respite to it. Rather the efforts being taken by the Nations and the Government are not enough. Somewhere or the other, there are some loopholes that are always remaining in the eradication measures. Every day, several kids and men and women are being sold out to unknown lands and unknown people in exchange of money (Weitzer 2015). The reasons behind this shameful activity are many. These incidents usually take place in the poor and illiterate families. As a result of proper education and literacy, they are totally unaware about the disadvantages of over population. They know nothing about family planning. Apart from this, women and kids are more vulnerable to this human trafficking. Women are most vulnerable because there is always a kind of disparity made between men and women based on their sex. Women are often considered to be nothing but mere commodities. Hence, the incidents of sexual abuse are much more on them. However, as far as the human trafficking is concerned, both women and children are the victims of it. However, it also has to be taken into account that not all the women who are poor opt for the option of sex work (De Shalit et al 2014). There are also several other reasons that are often responsible why women opt for it. Some of these are -can be lack of enough moral support, frustration, conjugal dissatisfaction, lack of sufficient finance and many others. Apart from these, many women have to opt for this option in order to support themselves and their families. There are cases where they are deserted by their husbands and they are left all alone with their children. In such cases, they have no other way to support themselves and their kids other than opting for prostitution. This again varies in case of the educated women as they can often find other jobs and live their lives independently as single mothers (Decker et al 2015). However there is no option left for those women who are poor and uneducated. However, the line between willing or unwilling prostitution is always blurred. This is evident from the fact that many girls and boys are born within the prostitution community itself. They grow up by seeing the al l their close ones being associated in this name occupation. So, there is always this confusion or this psychological dilemma that they have to suffer through, that whether or not to go in the prostitution occupation (Andrijasevic and Mai 2016). Whether the sex work is forced or is by choice, the consequences are always very much detrimental. A very common aspect seen in the brothels or any other prostitution areas is the case of unprotected sex. People are unaware or are ignorant about the proper protective measures. As a result of which people often suffer from the sexually transmitted diseases like HIV AIDS. Apart from the risk of disease it is very much frustrating in nature. It often reduces the confidence and the esteem of the sex workers. This often marginalizes the sex workers from the mainstream society. The society never sees the sex workers in a good way. They are always marginalized and are abused. However there are also cases where women are also cases where women have voluntarily stepped into the world of sex work. Nowadays, the young generation is very easily falling prey to the unethical and illegal activities of addictions like drug, excessive consumption of alcohol and several other such things. Often in or der to satisfy these needs they are in search of easy money making ways. Grabbing these opportunity, there are many sex racked and drug racked existing in many school, colleges and universities these days (Decker et al 2015). They know that the present day young generation is very much vulnerable. Taking advantage of this, they often lure the young girls and boys in to sex work business. However, it has to be kept in mind that it is not only the women that become the victim of trafficking or sex work. Men and the young boys are also made to suffer through these issues. However this is a much lesser known fact because most of the TV channels, news channels, newspapers, press and media are busy covering the tantrums of the females who have been somehow thrown into this ditch but what is forgotten is the story of men. Though it might be true that women who have been suffering through this are greater in number than men (Watson et al 2016). There are cases where men have often been drag ged into sex work. The only difference is that people often go by the myth that it is only the girls who suffer from this. This is particularly related to child labour. Often the young boys and girls are forced to give up school and start working in different places like restaurants, shop, coal mines, and construction sites in order to share the economic burden of their family. It is from these places that the kidnappers often lure them into sex work and prostitution with the hopes of a good and bright future (Persaud and Chin 2016). As far as the Australian sex working trade is concerned, the sex workers have developed a slogan called for prostitutes, against prostitution. In other words, they claimed that women were mainly talking up this occupation because of the economic inequality. In other words, women suffered a lot from economic crisis. They did not get the similar wages unlike men. So, sex work is not always forced or unwilling. It can also be by choice. However, one must be able to know the myths and realities between sex work and human trafficking. The media has always been representing sex work with the image of small or teen young adult girls being trapped within a small, dirty and shabby area called the brothels. These can have some severe real life severe impacts. Media always represents trafficking as something associated with only sex work and specially only with woman, where women are shown as commodities, being sold for money. However, efforts are to be made in order to realize that trafficking is not just taking place within the concept of sex work, rather is a much broader concept. Moreover, trafficking is not something that is associated only with women. Even men are very much a victim or a part of it. Another tool used by the government of many countries to rescue the victims out of brothels is sending a large mob of cops on raids which are the so called rescue missions. This often takes a huge number of inmates of the brothels under arrest and puts them into trauma through the unnecessary questioning sessions (De Shalit et al 2014). One such case happened in the year 2005, when there was a raid in an Indian brothel at Sangli by a band of about 85 male cops who had arrested about 35 women and two school girls who just went there to visit their families. After a long and complicated trial, the adults were released, since only the minors could have been rescued. However there is usually a lot of physical violence, physical and mental abuse, violation of moral rights and violation of right processes. There was a huge protest by the inmates of the brothels saying save us from the saviours. This is very much evident of the fact that only pulling out the sex workers from the brothels does not actually give them any respite (Cojocaru 2015). This is because of the fact that they are neither able to start their life a new nor can they go back to the brothels. It neither saves them nor rescues them this often renders them mentally sick and they often suffer from mental dilemma and try to commit suicide. This is also becaus e of the fact that if they want to lead normal lives outside the brothels, the society will never let them do that and will call them unchaste and unclean. So, efforts must be made to educate the sex workers that they must be able to identify the trafficked persons and help to liberate them (Weitzer 2015). Moreover these rescue missions also do not rescue all those have at some point of time fallen prey to the sex work trade (Persaud and Chin 2016). These missions only are directed towards the minor ones. This again does not given any long term or overall solution. In Philippines, the children that are forcefully relocated from the brothels again have to go back to sex work after they are old enough. This is because of the fact that they have nothing-g else to do. Society never accepts them in a proper way. They are insulted, abused and isolated from the mainstream social activities. Before everything the cops must be properly educated regarding the fact that how they are to deal with these people whom they want to rescue. It is often because of the improper treatment and unnecessary interrogations by the cops that the so called rescued people have to suffer. In order to cope up with all these issues the empowerment model can be used Conclusion The first and foremost thing that must be done under thus model is to see exploitation at different levels rather than seeing trafficking as the only form of exploitation (Andrijasevic and Mai 2016). In other words, laws must be made that would and must protect the interests of each and every individual who have been exploited at some or the other point of time. The laws must not only be directed towards the safeguarding of the interests of those person who fit the typical victimized young and innocent women model that has been forced into sex trade (Albright and DAdamo 2017). It must be made clear to one and all among the society that trafficking is not just limited within the framework of sex trade, rather any and every kind of exploitation of labour can be termed as trafficking. The advocates and cops are also to be educated regarding how they are to respond in different cases. It can so happen that the trafficked men and women do not want to go back to the life that they have left behind. They are often not believed by the cops when they refuse to go back. Hence proper discussions must be carried on before reaching the correct decisions. Proper funding has to be made in order to grant them all their needs and demands. References Albright, E. and DAdamo, K., 2017. The Media and Human Trafficking: A Discussion and Critique of the Dominant Narrative. InHuman Trafficking Is a Public Health Issue(pp. 363-378). Springer International Publishing. Andrijasevic, R. and Mai, N., 2016. Trafficking (in) Representations: Understanding the recurring appeal of victimhood and slavery in neoliberal times.Anti-Trafficking Review, (7). Bhabha, J., 2015. Looking back, looking forward: The UN Trafficking Protocol at fifteen.Anti-Trafficking Review, (4), p.3. Brennan, D., 2015. Myths Meet Reality: How We Are Not Fighting Trafficking or Supporting Trafficking Survivors.NYL Sch. L. Rev.,60, p.605. Choi-Fitzpatrick, A., 2015. From rescue to representation: A human rights approach to the contemporary antislavery movement.Journal of Human Rights,14(4), pp.486-503. Cojocaru, C., 2015. Sex trafficking, captivity, and narrative: Constructing victimhood with the goal of salvation.Dialectical Anthropology,39(2), p.183. De Shalit, A., Heynen, R. and van der Meulen, E., 2014. Human trafficking and media myths: Federal funding, communication strategies, and Canadian anti-trafficking programs.Canadian Journal of Communication,39(3), p.385. Decker, M.R., Crago, A.L., Chu, S.K., Sherman, S.G., Seshu, M.S., Buthelezi, K., Dhaliwal, M. and Beyrer, C., 2015. Human rights violations against sex workers: burden and effect on HIV.The Lancet,385(9963), pp.186-199. Persaud, R.B. and Chin, C.B., 2016. From sexation to sexualization: dispersed submission in the racialized global sex industry.Cambridge Review of International Affairs,29(1), pp.270-289. Watson, S.L., Loizzo, J., Watson, W.R., Mueller, C., Lim, J. and Ertmer, P.A., 2016. Instructional design, facilitation, and perceived learning outcomes: an exploratory case study of a human trafficking MOOC for attitudinal change.Educational Technology Research and Development,64(6), pp.1273-1300. Weitzer, R., 2015. Human trafficking and contemporary slavery.Annual review of sociology,41, pp.223-242.