Uncle Toms Cabin Essays (684 words) - Civil Disobedience, Slavery

Uncle Toms Cabin Uncle Toms Cabin How realistically and credibly does Stowe present slavery? Stowe presents slavery in the only way she knows how, by using the facts. Several sources of other works in American literature contrast on to how Stowe presents slavery in her novel Uncle Toms Cabin. The elements of slavery are driven through the reflections of theme, characterization, and setting to show that the way slavery is presented is not contradicting. Through the character of Mrs. Shelby, Stowe seems to use her opposition against slavery the most. Mrs. Shelbys character realizes that slavery is unfair, unjust, and most of all unchristian. This theme of opposition of slavery can be compared to that of Henry David Thoreau, a transcendentalist in early American history. Thoreau was the author of a book entitled Civil Disobedience in which he expressed his views against slavery and the way the government did nothing to put an end to it. I bring up Thoreau because he was like Mrs. Shelby in a way. They both sided with the slaves, rather than go with the majority to say that slavery was a just cause. Deep down, morally, they knew it was wrong to control the life of another human being and not give them the freedom in which God intended for all. Thoreau tried to fight slavery in different ways than Mrs. Shelby, but they both had the same intent, to treat everyone equal regardless of their skin color. Thoreau went to the source of the pro blem, the government. This is where Thoreau was able to try and get through to a higher authority. He did this by gathering protests in Massachusetts where a slave was being held for fleeing from the south for a chance at freedom. Where as Mrs. Shelby posses the same ideas as Thoreau, but she helps slaves in other ways. Mrs. Shelby does in fact go against the government though, at this point in Uncle Toms Cabin she helps slaves try to escape to Canada where they will be free of their slave owners. One example of this is when Mrs. Shelby distracts the slave traders to allow more time for Eliza to escape further away (Heath Anthology P. 2316). It was at this point that Mrs. Shelby, in contrast to Eliza, never has had the courage to denounce slavery. This was realistic because it was an example of the Underground Railroad, which was a secret network of people who helped runaway slaves find safety in the north to Canada. In addition to the Connection of slavery in this novel, it reflects that of Frederick Douglas characterization with Tom from Uncle Toms Cabin. Frederick Douglas was an American slave who escaped the south. Douglas wrote a folk song called Steal Away To Jesus which told a story of slaves escaping to the north away from slavery (P. 2655). This is also similar to Eliza running off to Canada. Another similar aspect of Douglas experiences and Stowes novel deals with the opportunity to learn to read. Douglas was a slave who had the chance to learn to read and write just like Tom did in Stowes novel. Douglas saw that he had the chance to learn to read, so he took it before he had to move on to another slave owner (P. 1780). Douglas learns to read from a white mistress related to his slave owner (P. 1776). This was similar to how Tom learned to read in the novel. Both of these characters had a huge advantage over the other slaves by being able to read and write. They were able to use their n ewly found talents to teach others. Stowe realistically presents slavery, because every aspect of it is true and has been backed up by several sources. She shows the truth and evidence to what slaves had to go through in America. Bibliography (All sources cited for this essay were taken from The Heath Anthology of American Literature in which they were cited by the page number) English Essays

Mourning Colonialism and Globalization Essay

Mourning Colonialism and Globalization Essay Mourning: Colonialism and Globalization Essay Globalization – Chapter 5 Notes Historical Globalization Chapter Issue: To what extent did early globalization affect peoples of the world? How did Globalization Begin? There are many different ideas about when globalization began: 1. 325 BCE – Buddhist leader Chandragupta Maurya combined religion, trade and military to create a vast trade empire in India 2. 1100’s when Ghengis Khan introduced the idea of fighting from horseback, which allowed him to create an empire stretching from the Adriatic Sea to China. 3. 1492 – when Columbus made his first trip to the Americas 4. 1800’s – when low-cost goods from farms and factories poured into markets around the world and access increased to these goods. One theory suggests that globalization evolved in three distinct rounds: a. First Round – Goods and ideas were exchanged along ancient trade routes. Knowledge of Indian science, medicine, literature and mathematics were introduced to Europe b. Second Round - grew out of the first round and began in the late 1400’s. Europeans developed new technology that allowed them to travel farther, allowing Imperialism to take place. c. Third Round – we are now in this phase. It began after World War II. A time of rapid growth and nearly instant communication. No matter the timeline you agree with, it is unarguable that globalization exists. Here are some reasons why: 1. Early Trade Routes As early as the third century a trade route existed from China through the Byzantium Empire (now the middle east) called the Silk Road (because of the beautiful cloth made in China from silkworms). Goods as well as ideas like the Indo-Arabic number system were passed from culture to culture along this road. 2. Books The printed word spread ideas about science, religion, politics and philosophy across Europe. 3. Rise of the Middle Class Historically society was organized into classes, determined by birth, social power was based on how much land you owned and the economy was based on the Landlord / peasant relationship. As cities were growing, trades people, entrepreneurs, artists, scholars, etc†¦ were attracted to the area, accumulating more wealth from developing their skill. This rise in wealth and social status created a new middle class. As they grew larger and more influential, trade became even more important to their profits, and accumulation of material goods. New ideas emerged and then technologies that helped lay the foundations of historical globalization. 3. Innovations like the large, square sail and gunpowder influenced how travel, trade, exploration, and conquest were conducted, therefore aiding in globalization. 4. Trade Competition for trade between colonial empires was increasing. Countries were racing to colonize other nations in order to obtain their raw materials for use in their own factories back home. This is also known as imperialism. Mercantilism – the strict controlling of trade between the mother country and the colony did help to increase globalization due to new goods being imported into other countries. When mercantilism started to disband due to rebellions etc†¦ globalization of goods was expanded even more. Cultural Imperialism – non-violent form of imperialism, in which one country imposes its values and beliefs on another. Due to (mainly European) colonization, the Indigenous peoples were forced off their land, disrupting their way of life and often other groups’ ways of life as they encroached on new territory. They also faced new types of disease, which could be argued, wiped out extreme numbers of their populations, they were enslaved by the colonizers, forced out of their traditional territories and some were forced

History of Matches - Inventors and Methods

History of Matches - Inventors and Methods If you need to start a fire do you rub sticks together or break out your handy flint? Probably not. Most people would use a lighter or a match to start a fire. Matches allow for a portable, easy-to-use source of fire. Many chemical reactions generate heat and fire, but matches are a fairly recent invention. Matches are also an invention you probably wouldnt choose to duplicate if civilization ended today or you were stranded on a desert island. The chemicals involved in modern matches are generally safe, but that wasnt always the case: 1669 [Hennig Brand or Brandt, also known as Dr. Teutonicus] Brand was an Hamburg alchemist who discovered phosphorus during his attempts to turn base metals into gold. He allowed a vat of urine to stand until it putrified. He boiled the resulting liquid down to a paste, which he heated to a high temperature, so that the vapors could be drawn into water and condensed into... gold. Brand didnt get gold, but he did obtain a waxy white substance that glowed in the dark. This was phosphorus, one of the first elements to be isolated other than those which exist free in nature. Evaporating urine produced ammonium sodium hydrogenphosphate (microcosmic salt), which yielded sodium phosphite upon heating. When heated with carbon (charcoal) this decomposed into white phosphorus and sodium pyrophosphate:(NH4)NaHPO4 - †º NaPO3 NH3 H2O8NaPO3 10C - †º 2Na4P2O7 10CO P4Although Brand tried to keep his process a secret, he sold his discovery to a German chemist, Krafft, who exhibited phosphorus throughout Europe. Word leaked out that the substanc e was made from urine, which was all Kunckel and Boyle needed to work out their own means of purifying phosphorus. 1678 [Johann Kunckel]Knuckel successfully made phosphorus from urine. 1680 [Robert Boyle] Sir Robert  Boyle coated a piece of paper with phosphorus, with a separate splinter of sulfur-coated wood. When the wood was drawn through the paper, it would burst into flame. Phosphorus was difficult to obtain at that time, so the invention was only a curiosity. Boyles method of isolating phosphorus was more efficient than Brands: 4NaPO3 2SiO2 10C - †º 2Na2SiO3 10CO P4 1826/1827 [John Walker, Samuel Jones] Walker serendipitously discovered a friction match made from antimony sulfide, potassium chlorate, gum, and starch, resulting from a dried blob on the end of a stick used to stir a chemical mixture. He didnt patent his discovery, though he did show it to people. Samuel Jones saw the demonstration and started to produce Lucifers, which were matches marketed to the Southern and Western U.S. states. Lucifers reportedly could ignite explosively, sometimes throwing sparks at a considerable distance. They were known to have a strong firework odor. 1830 [Charles Sauria] Sauria reformulated the match using white phosphorus, which eliminated the strong odor. However, the phosphorus was deadly. Many people developed a disorder known as phossy jaw. Children who sucked on matches developed skeletal deformities. Phosphorus factory workers got bones diseases. One pack of matches contained enough phosphorus to kill a person. 1892 [Joshua Pusey] Pusey invented the matchbook, however, he placed the striking surface on the inside of the book so that all 50 matches would ignite at once. The Diamond Match Company later purchased Puseys patent and moved the striking surface to the exterior of the packaging. 1910 [Diamond Match Company] With a worldwide push to ban the use of white phosphorus matches, the Diamond Match Company got a patent for a non-poisonous match which used sesquisulfide of phophorus. U.S. President Taft requested that Diamond Match give up their patent. 1911 [Diamond Match Company] Diamond yielded their patent on January 28, 1911. Congress passed a law placing a prohibitively high tax on white phosphorus matches. Present Day Butane lighters have largely replaced matches in many part of the world, however matches are still made and used. The Diamond Match Company, for example, makes more than 12 billion matches a year. Approximately 500 billion matches are used annually in the United States. An alternative to chemical matches is fire steel. Fire steel uses a striker and magnesium metal to produce sparks which may be used to start a fire.

Operation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Operation Management - Essay Example 5. The experience of the visitors is very poor, especially about the entrance from one of the sides of the park. 6. The size of the park and the amount of the amenities of the park is not being exploited. This may be due to the lack of the availability of complete idea of the park. 7. The size of the park is a great reason for the tagging of a number of the private events in the area; include the display of the fireworks. This leads to a great degree of the pressure. 8. The decrease of the amount of the space also plays a part in the lack of the services. There is the lessening of the space of the park that can be considered of any artistic value. These are the various kinds of the issues that are being faced by the park. The decrease in a number of the green areas has an important impetus on the services of the park in a significant manner. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The park has been facing a period of the distress in a number of the areas. The study aims to provide with a comprehensive p lan to improve all the areas. The objectives have been developed in conjunction with the proposed outcomes. They are as follows: The stopping of the decline of the number of the visits of the park by the restoration of the value of the park. The increase of the number of the visitors in the park. The subsequent increase of the income of the park. The spreading of the natural value of the park by the use of the different kinds of the mechanisms. The proliferation of the audiences of the park into a number of new age groups. The increase of the number of the volunteers of the park. The improvement of the basic levels of the skills and learning of the different constituents of the park. This can involve the use of the different kinds of the... This essay stresses that the new kind of the facilities needs to be developed for the growth of the park. There is a need for the over haul of the amenities of the park. There is a need to look at all the basic kind of the facilities of the park. The development of the facilities shall play an important part in the reclaiming of the lost audience. There are a number of problems that are being faced by the club. The primary deliverables of the park involves strategy is the increase of the number of the audience that visits the park. There is also the need to increase the range of the audiences of the firm. The basal part of the strategy is to increase the reach of the park. This is the strategy that has been outlined for the firm. This paper declares that the park has been suffering due to the lack of the branding. All the parks in the area in the area have been at the forefront in the area have number of the facilities, which they provide. The level of the branding is very high. The concept of the park as a popular place to hang-out has to be re-enforced in the mind of the consumers. This can be done increasing the number of the promotional activities that surround the park. This shall help in the development of the ideas that need to be taken into the consideration. The large part of the population that comes in the park, generally comes for the activities in the park. This can be used as an opportunity for increasing the number of the visitors of the park. They can be used as a medium for increasing the amount of the sales of the entries of the park.

American economy over the last two years (2009-2010) Essay

American economy over the last two years (2009-2010) - Essay Example The loss of investors’ morale to invest and become active in the capital and financial markets has had a great negative impact to on the overall American economy. The economic crisis can be closely attributed to the decline in collective economic power of consumers, businesses, and investors. In the fiscal year of 2009 and 2010, several Americans lost their jobs, a phenomenon that negatively impacted on consumer and household spending, although Obama’s job creation plan had reduced the rate of joblessness significantly through investment in new infrastructure. The government’s investment in infrastructure has however created a negative impact on the countries budget, as there is a possibility of the government incurring a budget deficit in the next years to recover the huge amount spent on infrastructure. The economy has taken a long time to recover due to reduced consumer and business spending and more particularly loss of investor confidence in the financial ma rkets. However, real estates and undervalued stock during that period could offer the best investment opportunity as many investors have shifted focus from investing these industries. On the other hand, decrease in consumer spending as result of bankruptcies of consumers may exert economic strain on discretionary spending sectors and retailers. This calls for socio economic approach to solve the vicious circle of economic decline of the American economy. The government introduced economic policies alongside Obama’s fiscal stimulus package to stop the economic decline and restore its stability and development. However, the economic disruptions of 2009 and 2010 had varying effects on different sectors of the economy with the recession affecting specific industries. The financial, real estate and tourism industries were adversely affected while technological, export and alternative energy industries were not affected. Aggregate Demand Aggregate demand is the measure of collectiv e spending on goods and services in a particular country. Outputs, employment levels, and general prices of goods and services are affected by variations in the county’s aggregate demand. Aggregate demand consists collectively of consumers’ expenditure, capital investment, government spending, exports and imports of goods and services. Expenditure on consumer goods and services include durable and non-durable goods consumed and repurchased by the specific consumers. In aggregate demand, expenditure on consumer goods and services is the biggest component. Capital Investment comprises of the total spending on capital goods that are used and applied for production of more goods and services such as plant, equipment and buildings, which will allow us to produce more consumer goods in the future. Capital investment also comprises of expenditure on working capital, which includes both work in progress and stocks of finished goods. Capital investments have bigger percentage b eing spent by the private sector and a smaller percentage being spent by the government in undertaking such as construction of new schools and road networks. Capital investments, particularly in the private sector of the American economy declined in the fiscal year of 2009 and 2010 due to the world recession that had affected

Cypop 5 Essay Example for Free

Cypop 5 Essay It helps children to deal with difficult circumstances such as emotional stress or medical treatments. Play gives children chance to let off steam and have fun. Children learn when they are in a safe and caring environment. They are stimulated through play. Babies and young children develop best when they are in a caring relationship with an adult. A baby will learn to walk faster when they have a safe pair of arms to walk towards and learn to talk when they have an adult who listens to them and responds accordingly. I aim to provide children with an environment that is caring, fun and stimulating. I aim to expand each childs individual, intellectual, physical and emotional capacities within a secure environment where each child, will be confident and settled. I will implement ideas from the EYFS and I will provide activities/opportunities that support the six main learning areas which are : * Knowledge Understanding Of the World * Personal social and emotional development * Communication language and literacy * Creative Development * Physical Development * Problem solving, Reasoning and Numeracy. Each child will be able to choose their own activities and access continuous provision throughout these six areas. Activities will be both planned and spontaneous according to your child’s preference. My weekly plan will be dependent on the children in my care and their ages and stages of development although I will be attending various groups and clubs within the local area that I live. Sample weekly plan: Morning afternoon Monday outdoor playchildren’s centre childminders group Tuesday -soft indoor play (wacky)creative play/ arts and crafts Wednesday-country park/ play areachildren’s centre playgroup Thursday baking/cookingoutdoor play Friday children’s centre groupindoor play at home Play can be constructed to fulfil areas of the EYFS, especially any areas where a child may be struggling, such as Playing with sand Texture, Weight, Pouring through containers, colours, measuring, shapes, make sand castles etc this can link to the following areas of the EYFS– personal development – personal, social and emotional development creative development – communication language and literacy All of the above would be flexible dependant on the children and any new sessions that can be accessed. Before any weekly plan can be made you would need to observe the children in your care to produce a plan that is appropriate to their development this will also help identify when to add/remove new toys/resources. I will use Natural resources and household items to provide stimulating play for the children to look after such as Sawdust and Bark for dinosaur play, jugs, funnels, guttering for water play, blankets pillows and throws and pegs for den building and communication friendly spaces etc. All children are individuals first, each with a unique profile of abilities. All planning starts with observing children in order to understand and consider their interests, development and learning. I will make systematic observations and assessments of each child’s achievements ,interests and learning styles. I will use these observations and assessments to identify learning priorities and plan relevant and motivating learning experiences for each child that I care for. I will match their observations to the expectations of the development matters principles. I will need to make regular observations on each child, using different techniques. These may include photographs, tick lists written observations and photographs. Where a child is not achieving their development goals I may then decide to speak to the parents regarding accessing other services for the child. All children need to feel valued and given the same options. I will ensure that children, parents/carers and visitors have equal rights and choices. Everyone will be given the respect that we all deserve as individuals. No person will be discriminated against and any remarks or comments of this kind will be challenged and discussed to ensure that it does not happen again. I welcome and include all children, their families and members of the community into my setting and I will ensure my setting is accessible to everyone. If a child in my care had specific requirements, certain changes would be made to the interior and exterior of my premises, dependent on the individuals circumstances. Certain activities are also adapted. All the children who come to my setting will have the same opportunities available to them. I am aware of the following legislation, The Children’s Act, The disability Act, UN convention on the Right of the Child, The children’s Bill 2004 and the Special Educational Needs Discrimination Act 2001. I will talk to different specialist groups, health visitors and read appropriate books to learn more about the condition and needs of the child, thus enabling me to provide the best possible care. If a child required assistance from a speech therapist or occupational therapist, then this could be arranged at my setting if it was more convenient for parents. I will do displays and have equipment in my setting that promotes a positive multi cultural attitude. I welcome parents/carers and visitors to talk about cultures, religions, food, clothes etc. I will never refuse or exclude a child. I will build on each child’s previous experience when accessing play opportunities. I will enable children to gain confidence and independence in play and identify individual requirements and provide appropriate support as/when required. I will also borrow and gain resources to enhance the inclusion of children with mobility or sensory difficulties. During snack time I will encourage children to help where appropriate eg. Older children could help butter crackers, or younger children could help divide fruit onto plates, I will encourage the children to help prepare our shopping list for the week for snacks and mealtimes and also encourage them to help with the meal plan for the week. During our week I will plan our activites a sample week could include : Monday : AM – Childrens centre drop in PM – Park weather dependant Tuesday AM – Wacky Warehouse PM – play at home LEGO, PUZZLES and nap time Wednesday AM –

Bipolar disorder Essay example -- essays research papers fc

The Bipolar Child – A New Emergence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The bipolar child is a relatively neglected childhood diagnosis that is the subject of great controversy in the fields of clinical and child psychiatry and psychology. Diagnosis and treatment of such a devastating disorder is very difficult due to several different factors, including, Childhood-onset Bipolar Disorder (COBPD) does not have its own criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), published by the American Psychiatric Association, Washington D.C., 1994, the main diagnostic reference of Mental Health professionals in the United States of America, a child shares the same criteria standards as an adult, plus there are several similarities in COBPD and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), causing some misdiagnosis, and the simple fact that there is little reference to the disorder in a medical and psychiatric field afraid to step into the world of childhood mood disorders.(Papolos NARSAD 2003, P opper 1989, NIMH 2000) Only until recently has more research and development been conducted on COPBD. According to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, a person must have at least five of the following symptoms during the same two week period to qualify as a major depressive episode: a depressed mood lasting most of the day for several days, a significant weight gain or weight loss, a loss of interest in activities, difficulty sleeping or an increased need for sleep, restlessness or slowed pace observable by others, daily fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, inability to concentrate, or recurrent thoughts of death. For a mixed episode, a person must display symptoms of depression and mania every day during at least a one-week period. A manic episode is described as elevated or abnormally irritable for at least one week, with a least three of the following: personal greatness, decreased need for sleep, extreme talkativeness, â€Å"racing† thoughts, distractibility or hypersexuality (excessive sexual activity, or sexual desire). The DSM-IV states that these symptoms must inte rfere with daily functioning and not be a result of the effects of drugs, medical condition, or temporary results from a traumatic event for all of these; depression, mixed state, and mania. The Child and Adolescent Bipolar Foundation lists four types of mood disor... ..., Anita Ph.D. About Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression Illness). Kluger, Jeffrey and Song, Sora. Young and Bipolar Time.com. Time archive. August 19,2002. Letters Time.com. Time Archive. September 9,2002 Moyer, Paula. ADHD Kids May Have Bipolar Disorder, Too -Treating ADHD Alone May Worsen Bipolar Symptoms. WebMD Medical News. Oct. 29,2002. Papolos, Demitri F. M.D. Childhood-onset Bipolar Disorder: Under-diagnosed, Under-treated and Under Discussion, NARSAD Research. 2003. Papolos, Dimitri F. M.D. and Papolos, Janice. The Irrepressible Agenda of Children With Bipolar Disorder. The Bipolar Child Newsletter. October 2002. Vol.12. Popper, Charles M.D. Diagnosing Bipolar vs. ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Summer, 1989. Helping Children with Early-Onset Bipolar To Learn â€Å"A Guide for Teachers and Administrators† prepared by Parents of Children with Early-Onset Bipolar The BPParent Listserv. Owner/Founder S.M. Tomie Burke Weller EB, Weller RA, Fristad MA. Bipolar diagnosis in children: misdiagnosis, under diagnosis, and future directions. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 1995; 34(6); 709-714.

Fab Sweets Limited Essay

I. Introduction: FAB Sweets Limited is a manufacturer of high-quality sweets. The company is located in the North of England which is a medium-sized, family-owned, partially unionized and highly successful confectionery producer. The case analysis takes place in HB department, the most problematic department of the factory. The department produces and packs over 40 lines of hard-boiled candies using a batch-production system. The department has a 37 people in work, the majorities are skilled employees. This is organized in two adjacent areas: one for production staffed by men, 25 in quantity, and one for packing staffed by women, 12 in quantity. The two divisions are separated by a physical barrier overseen by a charge hand and a supervisor respectfully. The department manager also oversees both division and has to report to the factory manager. Training takes place on the production process, which is essentially quite simple, but it normally takes two years to acquire the skills necessary to effectively complete all tasks of production. Many different product lines can be produced simultaneously with each task interdependent of the next. Although the job seems quite simple and the management of the process is straightforward, the department however faced many serious problems. II. Statement of the Problem: The main problem experienced in HB department is related to motivation which is the high level of turnover (refers to the high rate of movement of employees out of a firm), six new managers in eight years. The problems that also affect the company were low target production rates and high level of scrap (high rate of rework) in the department. Other simple problems arose, such as: employees had little input in the decision-making responsibilities, low motivation, low job satisfaction, and didn’t have enough appreciation, feedback and recognition on their performance. In addition, there were conflicts between the supervisors and employees in the production and packing areas and the grading and payment levels wasn’t satisfactory to the workers. III. Objectives of the Study: The major objective of this case analysis is to solve the main problem in HB department by using some different approaches. The following are the other objectives to account in solving the problems: a) To consider the areas of internal and external environment of the company by implementing the SWOT analysis. b) To carry out the alternative courses of actions and identify its advantages, disadvantages, costs and, benefits. c) To recommend a possible and specific solution to a problem. d) To implement a plan of action, and lastly; e) To identify the potential problem and their resistance to change and lay a contingent plan of action to solve it. IV. Areas of Consideration: Internal Environment| External Environment| Strengths| Opportunities| 1. Systematic way of production 2. Men and women are organized in two adjacent sections to avoid discrimination 3. High-quality products 4. Partially unionized 5. Division of labor is present| 1. Many entrepreneurs will invest to the company 2. Good image of the company will arise 3. Many customers will patronize the products 4. Many job seeker will apply to the company 1. Job conflict and insecurity occurs because there is no teamwork or cooperation between employees and their co-employees as well as the supervisor 2. Too much rework is frequent/often present 3. Employees had few decision-making responsibilities, low motivation, low job satisfaction, and low performance feedback 4. There is a physical barrier, not allowing the employees to communicate freely to themselves 5. There is an assembly line (production line)| 1. Production delay 2. Possible shortage of raw materials 3. High level of labor turnover 4. Mistakes and breakdowns 5. Job layoffs, lose interest and boredom| V. Alternative Courses of Action: 1. Implementing job rotation program. Advantages:| Disadvantages:| * Job enrichment * Job enrichment * Gains experience and knowledge of a new task or skill (as a learning mechanism) * Intrinsic motivation to perform caused by newer challenges * Career development * Reduces boredom, dissatisfaction and work stress and stimulates development of new ideas * Provide opportunities for a more comprehensive and reliable evaluation of the employee * Develop leadership * Broadens/expands exposure to company’s operation and for turning specialist into generalists * Gains visibility with a new group of co-workers and managers. Visibility for a good employee brings potential opportunities| * An employee does not gain a particular specialization. * Moving from one job to another also gets irritating because the normal routine of an employee is disturbed and also time is wasted in adjusting to the new job. The employee may feel alienated when he/she is rotated from job to job. * Training costs are increased * Because staff members would be performing different tasks, if they discover it as a weakness, the task won’t be performed as well as by someone that is strong at it. * Staff could be rotated away from a task that they enjoy, or perform very well to a high standard which could lead to other staff members not performing the same tasks as well.| Costs and Benefit Analysis: A job rotation strategy comes with costs. When moving employees into multiple positions, you must invest time and money into training the workers in all those positions. This not only includes costs for the employees who are rotating, but also the time of the managers and others who must train the employees in each area. The following is the accurate cost and benefit analysis of job rotation program. Implementing job rotation| N/A|  £ 44.71| | 2. Wage incentives, benefits, rewards, bonuses, and promotions to work must be given to the employees. Advantages:| Disadvantages:| * Individual performance enhancement * Employee development * Company profitability * Healthy competition * Worker retention * Increase productivity and level of sales * Can focus employees on hitting a target * Places a value of achievement| * Employee resentment * Rifts between employees * Sense of inequity * Individual earnings can fluctuate * Greater costs * The employee will demoralize if not earned| Costs and Benefit Analysis: Things considered| Costs| Benefits| Seminars|  £ 44.71| Total net savings:  £ 119.22Net savings for two years:  £ 87,030.60| Processing of documents|  £ 74.51| | 3. Conducting mentoring program for motivating the employees and supervisors. Advantages:| Disadvantages:| * Onboarding * Employee satisfaction * Employee retention * Employee productivity * Career growth/Succession planning * Knowledge management * Quality * Synergy * Reduce frustration| * Lack of organizational support * Creation of climate dependency * Resentment of mentees * Role conflict between boss and mentor * Difficulties in coordinating programs with organizational initiatives * Costs and resources associated with overseeing and administering program| Cost and Benefit analysis: Things Considered| Costs| Benefits| Sponsoring a joint orientation workshop|  £ 29.80| Total net savings:  £ 111.78Net savings for two years:  £ 81,599.40| Providing training for mentoring program participants|  £ 37.27| | Implementing|  £ 44.71| | Recommendation: After evaluating the decision matrix, the analyzer recommended that the course of action that will be the solution to a problem is the implementing of job rotation program. Job rotation involves the movement of employees through a range of jobs in order to increase interest and motivation. Job rotation can improve â€Å"multi-skilling† but also involves the need for greater training. In a sense, job rotation is similar to job enlargement. This approach widens the activities of a worker by switching him or her around a range of work. VII. Plan of Action: Activities involve| People Responsible| Time Frame| Cost/Budget| Holding meeting for determining interests of the employee| Management and employees| 1 hour| No cost| Distributing Job Rotation Questionnaire and answering it| Management and employees| 5 minutes|  £ 7.45| Calculating the scores for the jobs considered for rotation| Management and employees| 3 minutes|  £ 1.49| Reviewing the job rotation scheme| Management| 1 week| N/A| Providing trainings| Management and employees| 1 week|  £ 29.80| Providing employees with adequate break-in-time| Management and employees| 1 hour| No cost| Implementing the regular job rotation| Management| 1 week|  £ 44.71| Monitoring job rotation| Management| 1 week| N/A| Holding follow-up meetings for evaluating the rotation| Management and employees| 30 minutes| No cost| Tracking other measures for determining the effects of job rotation| Management and employees| 30 minutes| N/A| Total cost:|  £ 83.45| VIII. Potential Problem: The potential problem is that the particular specialization of employee will possibly lead to loss of job mastery and gradual loss of productivity because of too much time spent on training process. Resistance to Change: Its capacitance to change takes two years or more. It changes over the period of time by gradual growth and development. Contingent Plan of Action: The contingent plan of action is implementing job rotation monthly and not weekly for minimizing the possible outcomes of particular specialization in the workers. If still other problems arose, the job rotation program will be conducted quarterly. Things engaged in this plan: 1. Holding meeting for evaluating the job rotation program by the management and employees. 2. Maintaining the regular job rotation by the management. 3. Monitoring job rotation also by the management. 4. Holding follow-up meetings for evaluating the rotation by the management and employees. 5. Tracking other measures for determining the effects of job rotation also by the management and employees. IX. References: http://tutor2u.net/business/people/workforce_turnover.asp http://www.wikihow.com/Reduce-Employee-Turnover http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnover_(employment) http://www.123helpme.com/fab-sweets-case-analysis-view.asp?id=164827 http://essays24.com/print/Case-Study-Fab-Sweets/18014.html http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryj/g/job-rotation.htm http://www.blurtit.com/q1611329.html http://www.scribd.com/doc/49852547/56/Advantages-of-Job-Rotation-Advantages-of-Job-Rotation http://www.transtutors.com/university-california%2Foperations-management/disadvantages-job-rotation-6.htm http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Disadvantages_of_job_rotation http://www.blurtit.com/q451616.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_rotation http://www.alagse.com/hr/hr9.php http://traininganddevelopment.naukrihub.com/methods-of-training/on-the-job-training/job-rotation.html http://www.citehr.com/8230-job-rotation.html http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-employee-incentives-21220.html http://www.ehow.com/list_6535559_advantages-incentive-plans.html http://www.aboutemployeebenefits.co.uk/advantages-disadvantages-incentive-schemes.html http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?itemId=1074424585&type=RESOURCES http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_sales_incentive_program http://www.mentorscout.com/about/mentor-benefits.cfm http://eprints.qut.edu.au/1754/1/1754.pdf http://www.ehow.com/about_4947701_assembly-line-job-description.html http://www.ehow.com/about_5476767_assembly-line-job-descriptions.html http://www.danmacleod.com/Articles/Job_Rotation.htm http://tutor2u.net/business/people/motivation_financial_jobrotation.asp http://www.thetrainingconnection.com/7steps.shtml http://www.thetrainingconnection.com/7steps.shtml#step3 http://php.fx-exchange.com/gbp/3-exchange-rates.html

Critical Response Final Draft

Children should have a mind of their own when it comes to their entertainment. At an early age children are called to choose a toy from the isle of the toy store that is labeled and colored accordingly to fit the differences of their sex and not their entertainment needs. Children are not the ones to blame for the belief that every aspect of this world is categorized according to genders because this idea has been in our society for ages and there has always been a debate on this topic.In Christina Hoff Somers' article â€Å"You Can Give a Boy a Doll, But You Can't Make Him Play With It† published on the 6th of December 201 2, in the newspaper The Atlantic she seems to be a firm believer that genders are different, each sex has separate needs and tendencies but remain equal. This is the reason why she opposes to the Swedes who are aiming for uniformity through gender-free catalogues and new stereotype-free preschool called Agile. On the other hand, Peggy Orenstein in her artic le â€Å"Should the World of Toys Be Gender-Free? Published on the 29th of December 2011 in the newspaper The New York Times, she appears to support cross-sex toys and play activities. Orenstein believes that with cross-sex entertainment it would be easier and beneficial for the children to interact and communicate in the future, due to their shared experiences and that toys should not be separated according to sex. In response to Somers' main argument I feel that I agree with the points the author is making.Each individual is different by nature; genders have different needs and preferences. Not allowing children to play with toys that suit their personality but rather oblige them to play with something labeled as ender-neutral that will eventually lead into equality is absurd to me because then the children will not learn to have voice of their own but rather a false idea of who they are. To begin with, one point I agree with Somers is as she states it † Men and woman can b e different- but equal† (par. ). In other words the author does believe that although genders differ due to biology, as humans they remain equal. The reason agree with her is because the Swedes' way of achieving a gender neutral environment is by ignoring the differences of the genders and trying to introduce a way of dealing with people as if they are one thing. To make it clearer, when I was young I played with boys as well with girls. We were a team, we played with dolls and with trucks and we learned each ones needs.The boys helped us build things and as girls we learned them to take care of our baby dolls. This experience made me learn and inhabit that each gender provides something that lacks to the other. When we learn and accept each ones differences that is when we will become equal not by providing kids with a gender-neutral toy catalogue because then uniqueness will not exist. Another point agree that Somers has made is when she opposes to the new preschool Agile, w hich has removed gender specific items from their curriculum.In Orenstein article she states that † Every experience, every interaction, every activity-when they laugh, cry, learn, play-strengthens some neural circuits at the expense of others, and the younger the child the greater the effect† (par. 10). In other words if the children in Agile are offered an unhealthy, monitored schooling and are forced to get rid of their natural likings which benefits them while rowing up that will lead to † undermine children's healthy development† (Somers par. 1). Finally, another point which Somers could not have expressed better my opinion on the topic kids and entertainment is † just leave him alone and let him play as he wants† (par. 16). In making this comment, the author says that the criteria on which the object of a child's entertainment will be chosen by, will not have to do with what gender is the toy addressed to but with what the child's entertainm ent needs are at that certain point.For a child to make an unbiased choice about his entertainment, demands an environment which will has raised it up knowing that although toys differ according to gender there is nothing wrong in choosing a toy of your opposite sex and not raise him up in a person who believes otherwise. In other words, † the environment in which children play and grow can encourage a range of aptitudes or foreclose them† (Orenstein par. 11). In conclusion, the reason why I am in favor of Somers is because she accepts that sexes are different but does not believe that creating uniformity will provide us with equality.Accepting each ones differences and who we are is what will provide us with equality. Children should be let alone to explore their own likings without being obliged to be something they are not. Bottom line is that the differences of each human being are what make this world interesting. A world full of same people will lead us to routine.

Future of Environmental Pollution Essays

Future of Environmental Pollution Essays Future of Environmental Pollution Paper Future of Environmental Pollution Paper Essay Topic: Water pollution Environmental pollution is any discharge of material or energy into water, land, or air that causes or may cause acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term) detriment to the Earths ecological balance or that lowers the quality of life. Pollutants may cause primary damage, with direct identifiable impact on the environment, or secondary damage in the form of minor perturbations in the delicate balance of the biological food web that are detectable only over long time periods. Until relatively recently in humanitys story, where pollution has existed, it has been primarily a local problem. The industrialization of society, the Introduction of motorized vehicles, and the explosion of the human population, however, have caused an exponential growth in the production Of goods and services. Coupled with this growth has been a tremendous increase in waste by-products. The indiscriminate discharge of untreated industrial and domestic wastes into waterways, the spewing of thousands of tons of particulates and airborne gases into the atmosphere, the throwaway attitude toward solid wastes, and the use of eely developed chemicals without considering potential consequences have resulted in major environmental disasters, including the formation of smog in the Los Angles area since the late sass and the pollution of large areas of the Mediterranean Sea. : Technology has begun to solve some pollution problems (see pollution control), and public awareness of the extent of pollution will eventually force governments to undertake more effective environmental planning and adopt more effective antipollution measure Summary: In the previous project we was given some following points on environment pollution which are as given below- . Definition of pollution 2. Air pollution 3. Water pollution 4. Noise pollution Land pollution 5. Effects of pollutions 6. 7. Preventive measures 8. Conclusion Future of environmental pollution. ABSTRACT : Pollution occurs when chemicals and other foreign substances leech into the ground, air and water. These pollutants contain toxins that adversely impact ecosystems and the living creatures within them. Although environmental health and safety groups work to increase awareness of the danger pollution presents, if pollution continues at its current rate, the future effects could be vegetating to human populations and the environment. EXTINCTION : Pollution has an adverse impact on wildlife and will continue to do so well into the future. A 2004 report in New Scientist states that pollution is the primary cause of the extinction of various species of butterflies and other insects in Great Britain. Although pollution poses a threat to creatures on land, aquatic creatures may face an even greater danger. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, an estimated one to 1 1 percent of all marine species will fall into extinction every decade Beethoven 1975 and 2015. Water pollution comes from industrial and agricultural runoff and in addition to presenting a danger to aquatic life, water pollution also impacts humans since extinction of marine life adversely affects the food chain. Pollution occurs when chemicals and other foreign substances leech into the ground, air and water. These pollutants contain toxins that adversely impact HUMAN ILLNESS As pollutant levels increase, human exposure to toxins will also increase. The Environmental Protection Agency notes that exposure to pollutants is directly linked to cancer and heart disease. Air pollution is a primary problem in urban areas and for individuals who live near major roadways, since vehicles give off a high concentration of pollutants. As air pollution increases, researchers anticipate that the negative health effects Of exposure will also increase. GLOBAL WARMING Burning fossil fuels for energy, such as coal, oil and natural gas, releases carbon dioxide and other toxins into the Earths atmosphere. High carbon dioxide levels increase the airs temperature. According to the John Ray Initiative, this can cause the Earth s average temperature to rapidly change. The phrase greenhouse effect often has negative connotations. In reality, however, the greenhouse effect is a natural and beneficial process by which the Earths ozone prevents heat from escaping into the atmosphere. Because carbon dioxide causes the temperature on Earth to increase, the ozone layers ability to trap heat close to the surface can result in global warming as pollutant levels escalate. Pollution, due to its ability to cause illness in humans, can have a significant impact on the worlds economy. The World Health Organization notes that an increased rate of illness due to pollution places a financial strain on insurance companies, government-funded health orgasm and individuals themselves. In addition, the more individuals who fall ill, the less productive employees are present to perform the activities necessary to keep a business running. Students absent from school due to illnesses caused by pollution may miss educational opportunities they would have otherwise enjoyed further increasing the future economic hardships societies would face as a result of pollution. CONSIDERATIONS Much of the debate over the effects of pollution stem from the inherent uncertainty in climate change science. Nobody can predict what pollution leslies might look like in the next decade. Climate change models extrapolate data based on current trends and cannot give the future much weight. Essentially, the future effects of pollution require the predictor to make subjective assumptions about the future, which carries a great deal of variability. WARMING The idea that green house gas emissions will warm the earth significantly by 21 00 is one of the most widely accepted effects of pollution, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. Although life needs greenhouse gases to warm the earth, too much warmth disrupts the life cycle. Exactly how this extra warmth will effect life remains uncertain. Current information provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change claim that global warming could wipe out 20 to 30 percent of earths species. FOOD SUPPLY Climate changes to the seasons could disrupt the worlds supply of food, according to the EPA. While food production might benefit from shorter cold seasons, this comes with an increase in severe weather like floods and droughts that ruin entire crops. Soil will likely benefit from increased carbon dioxide levels, but extreme rainfall patterns could negate this benefit. More request droughts will erode soil into dust and reduce arable land. RISE IN SEA LEVELS The EPA reports that the sea level rose about five inches during the 20th century. The International Panel on Climate Changes models predict the ocean level will rise between 0. 5 feet and two feet by the end of the 21st century. If the sea levels rise in accordance with EPIC estimates, a lot of current coast land will either erode away or fall below sea level. HUMAN HEALTH How the effects of pollution will impact the public will vary from region to region. The EPA estimates that major cities like Chicago and Los Angles will experience at least 25 percent more headwater. However, this heat could counteract the death from extreme cold spells. Parasites like mosquitoes thrive in warmer climates, which could mean more mosquito carried diseases like malaria. An increase in smog should also exacerbate respiratory illness.

The Scientific Revolution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Scientific Revolution - Assignment Example Starting by Galileo, he is one of the famous astronomers who attributed greatly to the concept of the effect of gravity in space. He found that the acceleration due to gravity does not depend on the mass of the object being pulled. To make it clearer, we can say that a very small satellite feels the same acceleration from the Sun as another huge satellite if both are at the same distance from the Sun. So, the gravitational acceleration is proportional only to the mass of the gravitating object and the distance from it, not to the mass of the aggravated object. This rule is the reason behind the feeling of `weightless', felt by astronauts orbiting the Earth. To put it clearer, astronauts, in the orbit, are continually 'falling' toward the Earth because of gravity. Also, other smaller and bigger objects inside the shuttle that orbits the earth are accelerating toward the Earth at the same rate. This results in the fact that all these objects in the shuttle remain at the same position r elative to each other, and they seem as if they are 'floating' around inside the shuttle (Strobel). In this context, it has to be mentioned that Galileo’s new astronomical theories had their great impact on the church. In particular, the scientific discoveries made by Galileo have paved the way for the science-religion conflict that shaped this era.

Law Cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law Cases - Essay Example Additionally, it questions if limiting specific conduct, can be due to an opinion that is unpopular. South Carolina Supreme Court decision was that the state had no power to arrest and charge the demonstrators totally based on the opinions they were expressing. The court indicated that the defendants were convicted of an offense that was general in nature and not of exact definition. The Supreme Court thus reversed the decision of the State Trial Court. Due to lack of hostility on the side of demonstrators as well as spectators in addition to lack of clear evidence that the traffic flow was disturbed by the demonstrators made the Supreme Court to reverse the decision. According to the Supreme Court, the state suppressed the demonstrator’s freedom of speech. The case involved Florida A&M students who demonstrated in a non-public drive near a jailhouse premises. Despite being warned by the sheriff, they continued with the demonstrations leading to the arrest of 107 students. After being convicted by Florida Circuit Court as well as the District Court of Appeals, the petitioners indicated that they were denied fourteenth amendments rights. The major issue in this case is to determine whether or not the students had the right to engage in a demonstration on non-public premises. Another issue was to determine whether the jailhouse is included in the category of public office. According to the Supreme Court, the drives as well as the jailhouse premises are not in the category of public property. Since the petitioners had no intention of seeking service from the jail the abatement argument was dismissed. During the hearing, violation of constitutional rights was not perceived to have an impact on the case. During this case, the reasoning was that the state has the right to enforce its rules to protect the ground that is private. There lacked recorded evidence